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2008年，全国造船完工量2881万载重吨，同比增长52.2%，新承接船舶订单5818万载重吨，同比下降40.9%，手持船舶订单20460万载重吨，同比增长28.7%，分别占世界市场份额的29.5%、37.7%和35.5%。造船三大指标中新接船舶订单量与去年同期相比下降了4.7%个百分点。
图：2003-2008年船舶制造业三项指标
资料来源：中国船舶工业行业协会
2008年，国际造船市场风云突变，持续六年的兴旺行情落下帷幕。据英国克拉克松研究公司统计，全年世界新船成交2127艘、1.5亿载重吨，比2007年分别下降55.3%和42.7%。特别是进入第四季度，新船订单更是大幅萎缩，行情几乎处于停止状态，全球新船成交476万载重吨，月均成交159万载重吨，仅为前9个月月均1600万载重吨的十分之一。从十月份开始，中国造船完工量大于新接订单量，5年来手持订单量按月统计首次出现连续下降。与此同时，修船市场同样呈现前高后低的走势。前三季度，修船市场一派兴旺，船坞饱满，骨干修船企业手持大量船舶改装订单。10月份以后，船舶修理业务急剧减少，改装船业务基本停止，部分修船厂出现船坞空置现象，修船价格出现大幅下降，幅度达20%以上。
国务院总理温家宝2009年2月11日主持召开国务院常务会议，审议并原则通过了船舶工业调整振兴规划。
会议强调，加快船舶工业调整和振兴，必须采取积极的支持措施，稳定造船订单，化解经营风险，确保产业平稳较快发展；控制新增造船能力，推进产业结构调整，提高大型企业综合实力，形成新的竞争优势；加快自主创新，开发高技术高附加值船舶，发展海洋工程装备，培育新的经济增长点。一要稳定船舶企业生产；二要扩大船舶市场需求；三要发展海洋工程装备；四要积极发展修船业务；五要支持企业兼并重组；六要加强技术改造，提高自主创新能力。
In 2008, Chinese accomplished shipbuilding output was 28.81 million deadweight tonnages, rising by 52.2% of last year. The newly undertook ship orders were 58.18 million deadweight tonnages, a reduction of 40.9% of last year. Ship orders in hand were 204.6 million deadweight tonnages, increased by 28.7% compared with 2007. According to the Clarksons, the market shares of Chinese accomplished shipbuilding output, newly undertook ship orders and ship orders in hand accounted for 29.5%, 37.7% and 35.5% respectively in the world, in which Chinese accomplished shipbuilding output and ship orders in hand kept a fast growth for six consecutive years and led to the three indicators standing the second place in the world.
China’s Accomplished Shipbuilding Output, Newly Undertook Orders
and Orders in Hand, 2003-2008 (Unit: 10,000 deadweight tonnage)
Source: CANSI
According to the Clarkson, in 2008, the global newly undertook ship orders were totaled at 150 million deadweight tonnages, a reduction of 42.7% of last year. Especially In Q4 2008, the global newly undertook ship orders were only totaled at 4.76 million deadweight tonnages, which mean each month had an order as small as 1.59 million deadweight tonnages during this quarter, which was only 1/10 of the monthly average during the previous nine months of 2008.
With the transfer of international financial crisis to the real economy, Chinese shipbuilding industry has also felt the coming of strikes. In 2008, the newly undertook ship orders were 58.18 million deadweight tonnages and only 2.61 million deadweight tonnages in the fourth quarter, less than 5% of the whole year’s. Chinese accomplished shipbuilding output exceeded the new undertook orders from October of 2008, first consecutive reduction of monthly orders in hand over the past five years. It is predicted that Chinese accomplished shipbuilding output in 2009 will be over 40 million deadweight tonnages and 56 million deadweight tonnages of orders in hand of last year’s was scheduled to accomplish in 2009. The intervals are about 16 million deadweight tonnages. It is predicted that the newly undertook orders are only about 20 to 30 million deadweight tonnages, half or more reduction year on year. At present, Chinese ship orders in hand declined from 205 million to million deadweight tonnages in 2007 to 160 million deadweight tonnages.
In February 2009, Chinese government issued the Adjustment and Revitalization Plans of Chinese Shipping Industry, showing the Chinese government’s determination to support shipbuilding industry.
The plans emphasis on the points as following: firstly, to stabilize the production; secondly, to enlarge the market demand; thirdly, to develop marine engineering equipment; fourthly, to actively promote the ship repairing; fifthly, to support the merge & acquisition; sixthly, to strengthening the technical innovations.
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