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自中国银行珠海分行于1987年推出了大陆地区第一台ATM起，中国ATM产业发展迅速。根据中国人民银行发布《2008年第三季度支付体系运行总体情况》，2008年三季度末，中国联网ATM机已经达到15.8万台。预估到2008年末，中国联网ATM 机将达到16.7万台，而整体ATM机市场保有量有望达到17.2万台。
图：2003-2008年中国联网ATM机保有量及增长率（单位：万台）
来源：银联 水清木华研究中心
目前ATM的行业资源集中度较高。在中国ATM市场上，中国工商银行、中国农业银行、中国银行、中国建设银行、交通银行、中国邮政储蓄银行等六大银行由于网点多、客户群大、资金雄厚，拥有大部分的ATM市场份额，约占中国ATM市场总量的85%左右。已安装运行ATM机最多的是建设银行和工商银行，到2008年年中，分别拥有ATM机26,135台和26,014台。
在市场容量方面，中国的ATM人均拥有量与市场成熟的德国、美国、韩国等国家相比还有很大差距。甚至与世界平均水平相比还有明显的差距，国内ATM市场增长空间巨大。从区域分布来看，国内ATM的分布极不均匀，ATM终端布放量最多的广东（除深圳）、上海、北京、浙江、深圳、天津等18个城市和地区集中了6.12万台ATM。其中ATM布放量超过5,000台的分别为广东（除深圳）、江苏、浙江和上海，其他大部分城市的ATM终端数量仍然严重不足。
外商产品依然占据市场主要份额。从ATM供应商的分布情况来看，当前中国ATM市场可分为进口品牌与国产品牌两大阵营。国外ATM供应商主要有：NCR、Diebold、Wincor Nixdorf、Hitachi、Fujitsu、Hyosung等，其中NCR、Diebold、Wincor Nixdorf在中国市场上占有较大的份额。同时，在全球ATM市场上，前三位也分别被这三家所占据。国内ATM供应商主要有：广电运通、东方通信、广州御银、深圳兴达通、神州数码、深圳辰通等。其中，广电运通ATM市场份额最大；御银股份则以ATM营运业务为主，在营运市场上占有较大的份额。广电运通和广州御银都于2007年在深交所上市。东方通信则以贴牌生产Wincor Nixdorf的ATM为主，自有品牌所占份额较小；其他几家国内ATM厂商所占的市场份额则普遍很小。
ATM has achieved a rapidly development since the Bank of China installed the first machines in 1987. According to the Payment System Operation Overview, Q3 2008 by the People’s Bank of China, the quantity of networked ATM was totaled at 158,000 by Sep, 2008, and the figure is expected rise to 167,000 by the end of 2008, and the total of retained ATM in the market will reach as many as 172,000.
Total of Retained ATM and Its Growth in China Market, 2003-2008
(Unit: 10,000)
Source: Unipay
Due to the widely branch distribution, considerable client scale and huge capital, the banks of ICBC, ABC, BC, CCB, BCM and PSBC are together shared 85% of AMT market in China. Especially, BCM and ICBC had 26,135 ATMs and 26,014 ATMs respectively in the middle of 2008.
Compared to the countries like Germany, U.S.A and South Korea, ATM per capita in China is still far lagged behind, the market has a great potential for its growth. The regional distribution of ATM in China is uneven, the 18 cities and regions including Guangdong Province (excluding Shenzhen), Shanghai, Beijing, Zhejiang Province, Shenzhen and Tianjin etc. are together has a total number of ATM at 61,200. In addition, the cities and regions has over 5,000 ATM are Guangdong (excluding Shenzhen), Jiangsu province, Zhejiang province and Shanghai.
The foreign products still dominate Chinese market. The foreign ATM suppliers are mainly NCR, Diebold, Wincor Nixdorf, Hitachi, Fujitsu and Hyosung, among which, NCR, Diebold, and Wincor Nixdorf enjoyed more market benefit. The domestic ATM suppliers are mainly GRGBanking, Eastcom, kingTeller, Shenzhen Xingdatong, Digital China and Shenzhen Chentong. Among which, GRGBanking enjoyed the greatest market benefit. |